| 요약2 |
Fire in buildings is the 62% of the total of fire accidents in Korea. The amount of damage is considerable. However, after fire in building has caused many accidents in the past, the number of fire in buildings has not increased due to the recently strict safety measures taken against it. But we cannot say it is safe enough with only those safety measures. The following fundamental measures should be taken to properly secure the fire safety for buildings. 1) Prevention of the start and spread of fire. 2) Security of exit routes from fire smoke. 3) Maintenance of fireproof functions. In addition, fire in building develops through different stages: from local fire to flashover, live fire and recessed fire. When there is live fire, structures go through an intense thermal pressure. Sometimes it results in deformation or even collapse. Furthermore, it threatens adjacent buildings and its upper floors also could get to be in a dangerous state. Then, with live fire, it is very important for a structure to maintain internal forces as much as it can. For doing this, fireproof design is necessary up to the characteristic of each building. However, the design of fire safety in Korea is standardized, so that it is not suitable to apply them to the recent high-rise and bigger buildings. Therefore, it is necessary to establish fireproof function design methods that can be valid for various conditions of buildings and be applied to them through scientific and objective ways, and also to promote the use of new technology and materials. The followings are the fire variables for setting the resistance time against fire in functional fireproof designing. (1) Types and amount of indoor inflammable materials. (2) Properties and shapes of indoor inflammable materials. (3) Distribution of indoor inflammable materials. (4) Size and shape of the fire seat. (5) Amount of air supplied to indoor spaces (size and shape of the openings). (6) Thermal characteristics of subsidiary materials that can be found in the fire seat. Resistance time against fire is determined on the basis of the above fire analysis and the followings are reviewed to set the most appropriate fireproof structure. (1) Thermal properties and heat conduction of construction materials. (2) Mechanical properties of construction materials. (3) Used design load and others. Buildings fire safety is a precise engineering tool that integrates a variety of research outcomes and technologies and should be kept following the rapidly change in building trends. Developed countries are making their own comprehensive standards for fire safety. Therefore, it is the time for Korea to make constant efforts to improve the fire safety on buildings, developing integrated fire safety standards for both construction and fire fighting, and establishing institutional and legal bases that should be connected to those standards. |