| 요약1 |
This study aims to summarize the history of German-speaking urban morphology with focus on the establishment stage of that. Now two stages are identified as followings.
The first is emerging stage of urban morphology. At this stage, O. Schl ter insisted the concept of urban form : "Urban form is the clue of reading the urban history and the development stage". And he introduced urban plan(Stadtplan) to Human Geography as a research object. H. Hassinger was interested in the preservation of historical buildings in Wien, and studied about the style of buildings. The elements of Stadtplan are identified as square, street and block by E. J. Siedler. A. E. Brinckmann regarded urban form as a great sculpture in the art-historical point of view. Urban form, at first stage, was described spatially and synchronically on the base of Stadtplan and building types as the research objects.
And the second is the establishment stage of research objects, concept and methods. W. Geisler divided urban form into three level: site-Stadtplan-building. R. Martiny studied about 60 German cities and made the typological approach based upon the street network and settlement form. But H. Bobek criticized pure spatial and synchronic approach and made chronological one about Innsbruck. He was interested in the change of urban form, and thought economic factor very important as agents of the change of urban form. He introduced urban land use to research of change of urban form as research objects(as economic entity in urban form). Untill this stage, most of research methods, objects and concepts are introduced, though immature. So this stage is called the establishment stage for this reason.
Through comparing German-speaking urban morphology with Korean one, we can define the status of ours and this study can help us to make orientation of following studies. |