| 요약2 |
This dissertation compares the historical development of the university-community partnership in Korea and the US. Selected universities in the US and forty-six universities in Seoul, Korea were reviewed in the context of social history, governmental policies and urban change. Boston University, Kunguk University, Dongguk University, and Hongik University were used as case studies for in-depth investigation to identify locational contexts and expansion patterns, university planning activities, university-community interactions, and legal·institutional settings. The research method employs the content analysis of university planning materials, governmental statistics·documents, media coverage, key person interviews. The findings are as follows. First, urban universities in Korea and the US have different locational contexts: though they were not much different in their original placements in undeveloped suburban fringe areas, US urban campuses were fully integrated into urban blocks in later urbanization process while those in Korea still maintain the territorial independence on their mostly hillside locations. Second, this difference explains the reason of the inward tendency of campus expansion in Korean cities vis-a-vis the outward tendency of campus expansion in US cities. However, this tendency has now been changing since the mid 1990s; the inward expansion by the infill-development before the mid 1990s has progressed into a more active underground development and a more outward expansion employing boundary development and off-campus development. These changing circumstances come from the shortage of buildable areas within the existing campus boundaries, yet the universities are in need of enormous educational facility expansion. The university-owned off-campus property development for financial purposes also comes along with this tendency. Third, the outward expansion tendency commonly has greater physical impact on morphological changes of surrounding blocks and streets, functional changes such as street beautification, traffic·parking issues, housing type, commercial·culture·entertainment land use, and economic changes such as community-building, university town. Like their American counterparts, Korean urban universities provide a rich array of community services in the area of continuing education, cultural events, healthcare and social work programs. They can provide a good foundation towards the building of a more collaborative partnership in campus-community planning. Fourth, the institutional framework of campus planning activity has been changed from the individual building permit process to planning process where campus master plan submittal, public notification and planning commission approval are required. The findings demonstrate that the concept of community development through university-community partnership has promising possibilities in Korea. The study suggests that local governing body, community and university should build up a communicative, collaborative, bottom-up, and transparent planning process. In this framework, the university can develop its role as community builder, planning initiator, developer by turning the university-community partnership into an important social asset for better community-building. |