요약2 |
(Background and Purpose) Social interest in well-being and quality of life is increasing every day, and the need for a universal design is also currently expanding. Given this atmosphere, the first Universal Design Competition in Korea began in 2006, and it is still continuing. The purpose of this study was to understand general perceptions of designers regarding a universal design and to identify the trend in universal designs through an analysis of the target space, target population, and applicability of four universal design goals, as well as the seven principles and specific design guidelines for the prize-winning works of the Universal Design Competition from 2006 to 2016. (Method) Based on a literature review, we organized the historical background, concept, goals, and principles of universal designs and current related research trends. Using the analytic framework built from the literature review in advance, content analysis on the 100 prize-winning works concerning the area of the environment and interior of the Universal Design Competition was performed. (Result) The most frequently applied subject space was the public space, especially with respect to public transportation and spatial facilities for pedestrians. Regarding the target population, people with disabilities, especially those with physical disabilities who use a wheelchair and those who are visually impaired, composed the largest portion of the subjects of analysis. In terms of the applicability of the four universal design goals, works related to supportive designs and accessible designs were the most frequently used by designers. Works targeting equitable use accounted for the largest portion among the 7 universal principles drawn from this study. (Conclusions) The main results of this study show the unequally distributed interest toward public spaces and disabilities with respect to the application of the goals and principles of universal design. These results may be derived from the biased perception for a barrier free design. Although such cases are limited in number, works dealing with special target groups, such as single working mothers and/or survivors of war and natural disasters, represent the extended perception regarding the considerable target population in a universal design. |