| 요약2 |
A map as a situated representation is a result of complex political and cultural assertions. Even if not explicit, they reproduce ideological content that provides specific cognitive frames through which the reader understands a version of reality. In this way, representational methods reflected in historical maps of Seoul demonstrate a changing ideological position in regards to the object of the city and its socio-cultural structures. This paper investigates the differing cartographical methodologies of Seoul from the late Chosun period to the 1970s industrialization era, in correlation with the political and cultural shifts of each period, further arguing that the maps have been produced with ideological influence throughout the city's history. Particularly these maps show direct influence from emerging concepts of urban planning manifested through the numerous modifications caused by the rapidly changing political and cultural motives of different subjects. Taking maps of late Chosun dynasty as an analytical vantage point, a methodological shift first appears at the beginning of the 1910s to the mid-1920s. As the Japanese Empire transformed the city to visualize colonial power, the city becomes reinvented as a dialectic of the existing urban fabric and the colonial style architecture and road system. This perception of the city results in the 'Gyeongsung sigado' produced in the mid-1920s. Subsequently, the other major shift appears in the mid-1930s following the implementation of 'Chosun Planning Ordinance,' the first modern urban planning act on the Korean peninsula. This new pragmatic discourse focused on the expansion and efficiency of the city changed the priority of representation from the former 'visualization constitutive interest' to the 'administration constitutive interest.' As a concrete strategy of expansion and functionalization, the land rearrangement project based on a development logic of 'Tabula Rasa' urbanism also gave influence to the shift: Rather than depict what was already existing, the policy prioritized an emptying of the city ground plane to create a more 'predictable' future. This methodological tendency is highly evident in the policy's main map, the 'Daegyeongsung jeongdo,' created in 1936. Finally, the paper concludes that the mapping of Seoul has stabilized after the 1960s industrialization and modernization period, with an emphasis on repetitive and pragmatic urban planning strategies that reflect an ideological logic of intensive expansion, development, and redevelopment. |